一篇考研的真題，從做題到文章的全面分析和展示?？雌饋硎怯悬c痛苦的，而且還要反復直至熟練，少不了痛心疾首捶胸頓足的時候。但如此死磕五篇，當小有所成；死磕十篇，應上了臺階；死磕二十，必手到擒來。

A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. Its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.　

It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith。(Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG Electronics in July。) Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market. America's machine-tool industry was on the ropes. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty。

All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped taking prosperity for granted. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of America's industrial decline. Their sometimes sensational findings were filled with warnings about the growing competition from overseas。

How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a dued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride." American industry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has learnt to be more quick-witted," according to Richard Cavanagh, executive dean of Harvard's Kennedy School of Government." It makes me proud to be an American just to see how our businesses are improving their productivity, says Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute, a think-tank in Washington, DC. And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School believes that people will look back on this period as" a golden age of business management in the United States."

51.The U.S. achieved its predominance after World War Ⅱbecause_____ 。

［A］it had made painstaking efforts towards this goal

［B］its domestic market was eight times larger than before

［C］the war had destroyed the economies of most potential competitors

［D］the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its economy

52.The loss of U.S. predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the［A］TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market

［B］semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprises

［C］machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions

［D］auto industry had lost part of its domestic market

53.What can be inferred from the passage?

［A］It is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pried。

［B］Intense competition may contribute to economic progress。

［C］The revival of the economy depends on international cooperation。

［D］A long history of success may pave the way for further development。

54.The author seems to believe the revival of the U.S. economy in the 1990s can be attributed to the____ 。

［A］turning of the business cycle

［B］restructuring of industry

［C］improved business management

［D］success in education

解題第一步：讀題干

51.The U.S. achieved its predominance after World War Ⅱbecause_____ 。

題型：問事情原因，細節題，需定位句子

給定信息：美國achieved its predominance after World War II

定位信息：World War II, because

52.The loss of U.S. predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the American_____ 。

題型信息：問支撐觀點的事實，例證題，當從觀點后面找事實

給定信息：1980s美國predominance的失去，表現于相關的事實

定位信息：1980s

53.What can be inferred from the passage?

題型信息：題干無具體信息，直接就文章提問，為判斷題，當先擱置，最后直接看選項來做。

給定信息：無

定位信息：無

54.The author seems to believe the revival of the U.S. economy in the 1990s can be attributed to the____ 。

題型信息：問原因，細節題，需定位

給定信息：1990s美國經濟復蘇，作者對其原因有自己的看法

定位信息：1990s

題干綜合：兩道細節問原因，一道例證問事實，一道判斷，盡量先根據其它題的解題過程和結果來解以節省時間。

由題干給定信息可知：文章講到了二戰后美國取得領先；1980s失去了這種地位；1990s經濟又復蘇了。

解題第二步：讀文章做選擇

51.根據定位信息找到首段二句，但本句中沒有原因(看整個句式：當A時，有B。其中B肯定不是原因，而是結果。)。接著向下，直到最后一句，才由定語從句交代原因(定語從句可以而且常常交代原因)。

選項分析

A。是非顛倒。他們為目標做了艱苦的努力。只有首段首句提到effortless success。

B。答非所問、偷換概念。原文也有市場，也是八倍以上。但一：不是所問事情的原因；