一、先介紹一下考研英語翻譯的命題形式：

　　根據全國碩士研究生統一考試英語考試大綱的規定，考研翻譯屬于閱讀理解的一部分，其命題形式是英譯漢，“主要考查學生準確理解概念或結構較復雜的英語文字材料的能力。要求考生閱讀一篇約400詞的文章，并將其中5個劃線部分(約150詞)譯成漢語，要求譯文準確、完整、通順”。翻譯部分的總分值為10分(每題2分)，占全部試卷的10%。

　　下面是2009年考研翻譯的實例：

　　Part C Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

　　There is a marked difference between the education which every one gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young. In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association. (46) It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive. Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc. (47) Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the world's work is carried on receives little attention as compared with physical output。

　　But in dealing with the young, the fact of association itself as an immediate human fact, gains in importance. (48) While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. The need of training is too evident; the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account. (49) Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability. If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young。

　　(50) We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education—that of direct tuition or schooling. In undeveloped social groups, we find very little formal teaching and training. These groups mainly rely for instilling needed dispositions into the young upon the same sort of association which keeps the adults loyal to their group。

　　46.可以說，衡量任何社會制度的價值在于它對擴大和改進經驗的影響，但是這種影響并不是它最初動機的組成部分。

　　47.只有逐步才能注意到一種制度的副作用，而要承認這種副作用是執行該制度的一種規定性因素則更加緩慢。

　　48.在和年輕人交往時，我們容易忽略自己的行為對他們性格的影響，但是在與成人打交道時卻并不如此容易。

　　49.既然我們的主要任務是讓年輕人參與共同生活，我們禁不住要考慮是否我們正在形成獲得這種能力的力量。

　　50.因此，我們要在從一直考慮的整個教育過程中辨認出一種比較正規的教育——直接教育或者學校教育。

　　經過對考研大綱和真題的解讀，我們認為考研翻譯部分的總體要求應該是“譯文準確、完整、通順”，這與翻譯的一般標準“忠實而通順”是基本一致的。“準確、完整”就是要“忠實”于原文，把原文的內容完整而準確地表達出來，不能對原文做任意的增加或刪減。“通順”，指的是譯文的語言要邏輯通順，符合漢語的語言文字規范，沒有明顯的“翻譯腔”。

　　總之，要符合“準確、完整、通順”的考研翻譯標準，譯文必須在完整而準確表達原文內容的基礎上符合漢語的表達規范，沒有邏輯錯誤、語言歧義、晦澀難懂等現象。