一 計算機、通訊類

1 計算機

commit computer crimes 進行電腦犯罪活動

Most computer crimes can be traced back to hackers. 大多數計算機犯罪都是電腦黑客干的。

access the Internet 進入互聯網

accomplish the operation simply with a click of the keys 敲擊鍵盤即可完成操作

administrator 管理員

auto search 自動搜索

bandwidth 寬帶

be multilingual 可以使用多種語言

be networked with … 與…聯網

be no longer imaginary 不再是幻想

blogger 寫博客的人

chat on-line in Internet 網上聊天

distance learning 遠程教育

on shopping on-line 進行網上購物

facilitate the growth of the cyber-economy 推動網絡經濟的發展

Internet café 網吧

Internet fans 網迷

Internet geek/netter 網蟲

Internet video chat 網上視頻聊天

It is difficult to know whether the information on the Internet is reliable or not. 很難確定互聯網上的信息是否可靠。

Millions of computers are connected to one another in a worldwide network called Internet. 不計其數臺電腦在世界范圍內互相聯系在一起稱作互聯網

Printed sources continue to remain an important method for researching materials. 使用印制資料仍然是獲得研究資源的重要方法。

provide on-line employment services to job seekers 為求職者提供網上擇業服務

There is an advantage to being multilingual. 懂得多種語言很有益處。

with the gradual popularization of the Internet 隨著互聯網的不斷普及

put out your message through E-mail 使用電子郵件發出訊息

net-addiction 網癮

provide entertainment in the form of computerized games 提供電子游戲形式的娛樂

2 其他通訊手段

allow people to carry telephone with them all the time 使人們能夠隨時隨身攜帶電話

Calls were connected manually by switchboard operators. 過去電話由接員人工接通。

Cellular telephones are portable units that can be used away from home. 手機是出門在外也可以使用的便攜裝置。

Cellular telephones can be used to access information virtually anywhere and anytime. 手機實際上可以用于隨時隨地接收信息。

make wireless communication possible 使無線通訊成為可能

phone can connect to the Internet 手機可以連接到互聯網

send a short text message to sb.’s cell phone 給某人的手機發短信

cable television systems 有線電視系統

digital television 數字電視

pick up the signals from satellites 通過衛星接收信號

provide a large number of (many more) channels 提供很多(更多)頻道

satellite television service 衛星電視業務

advances in digital communications 數字通訊的發展

improve the quality and efficiency of telecommunication 提高遠程通訊的質量和效率

modern digital telecommunication 現代數字遠程通訊

send messages faster and more accurately 更快、更準確地傳送信息

二 經濟、改革類

1 旅游業

About six or seven percent of the Gross National Product comes from tourism. 國民生產總值的6%-7%來自旅游業。

be one of the major industries of this country 是該國主要產業之一

belong to the service industry 屬于服務性行業

benefit through peaceful development and cultural understanding 從和平發展和文化認同中獲益

carry exchange and investment to … 吸引交流和投資到…

focus attention on the role tourism can play in elimination of poverty 重視旅游業對消除貧困的作用

serve as a dynamic catalyst of emploment, wealth, investment and poverty elimination 對就業、財富、投資和擺脫貧困起到有力的催化作用

Tourism business preserves cultural and heritage traditions. 旅游業保護傳統和文化遺產。

do-it-yourself/independent travel 自助游

during the height of travel 在旅游的高峰季節

golden week for tourism 旅游黃金周

visit historic sites/spots 參觀歷史名勝

2 農業

be not fertile enough to justify cropping 不夠肥沃，所以不值得耕種

cultivate inferior 開墾貧瘠土地

The supply of good land is limited. 良田資源是有限的。

to feed a large population 養活眾多的人口

cause pollution and health problems 引起污染和健康問題

chemical fertilizer 化肥

destroy harmful insects 消滅害蟲

Insecticides also kill helpful insects. 殺蟲劑也會殺死益蟲。

save water during irrigation 節水灌溉

use up ground water 用盡地面水

increase food production to help feed the growing world population 提供糧食產量為不斷增加的世界人口提供食物

keep soil from drying out and prevents the loss of soil 避免土壤干化和流失

One important form of soil conservation is the use of windbreaks. 土壤保持的一個重要方法是利用防風林。

be carried out in a way that does not damage the environment 以一種不破環環境的方式被執行

avoid a possible grain shortage 避免可能出現的糧食短缺

deserve to be called a broad-minded policy 應被視為有長遠眼光的策略

invest more in agricultural technology 加大對于農業科技的投資

Sustainable development methodes are designed to save resources. 開展可持續發展的目的在于節約資源。

3 政治

Political systems have evolves over several centuries. 政治制度是經歷了好幾個世紀的發展演變而來的。

undergo an economic and political transformation 經歷經濟和政治變革

well handle the relations among reform, development and stability 妥善處理改革、發展和穩定之間的關系

accoplish the great cause of national reunification 完成祖國統一大業

contribute to international peace and prosperity 為國際和平和繁榮作貢獻

4 經濟

attract more foreign investment 吸引更多外國投資

resources-efficient development mode 有效利用資源型發展模式

sharpen the international competitiveness 加強國際競爭力

secure the fair competition on the marker 保障市場上公平競爭

place emphasis on the future development 強調未來發展

try to gain a large market share 謀求更大的市場份額

maintain the competitiveness in market contests 保持在市場競爭中的競爭力

reserve and promote the sound and cooperative economic and trade tries between the two countries 保持和促進兩國之間穩健合作的經濟和貿易聯系

三 教育、就業類

1 教育

achieve universal comsulsory education 普及全民義務教育

adult education 成人教育

conduct the education of the younger generation 對年輕一代進行教育

special education for the disabled children 為殘疾兒童開設特殊教育

spread education 推廣教育

take education seriously 重視教育

be firmly convinced that education pays 堅信受教育是有益的

borrow heavily from the western traditions in education 在教育上大量借鑒西方慣例

develop a well-informed, critically thinking, and civically engaged citizenry 培養知識豐富、善于獨立思考、能很好履行義務的公民

Family education is as important as public education. 家庭教育和學校教育一樣重要。

Knowledge is priceless treasure. 知識是無價之寶。

talent training and quality education 人才培養和素質教育

transmit to youth the best of our culture 將我們最優秀的文化傳給青年一代

understand the necessity of education 懂得教育的必要性

alleviate/reduce/lighten burdens on the students of elementary and secondary schools 減輕中小學生負擔

arouse attention from all sectors of society 引起全社會的注意

call for alleviating burdens on students 呼吁減輕學生負擔

Children get a better education today than at any time in the past. 今天的孩子受的教育比以往任何時候都要好。

Edution must be conbined with practice. 教育必須與實踐相結合。

A college education in the United States in expensive. 美國大學教育的費用昂貴。

Increasing enrollment causes a sharp rise in educational costs. 擴大招生導致教育費用急劇上升。

Students pay their tuition fees and living costs from income earned through the work-study program. 學生用勤工儉學的收入繳納學習費用和生活費用。

2 教學及教學方法

adopt a new approach in teaching 在教學中采用一套新做法

allow more time for individual instrucion and group discussion 給予更多時間做個人指導和小組討論

impart knowledge to one’s students 把知識傳授給學生

involve both bearning and teaching 涉及教與學兩方面

make radical improvements in teaching 從根本上改進教學

stick to the traditional teaching methods 固守傳統教學法

teach students according to their aptitude 因材施教

3 教學管理

(1)學校

abide by the school rules 遵守學校的規章

collect subscription for the putting up of a charity school 募捐籌建慈善學校

found an establishment of a private school 建立私利學校

make the most economical of school facilities 充分利用學校資源

part-work and part-study school 半工半讀學校

(2)學生

be a good student in comparison with sb. 與某人相比，算是好學生

be concerned about the students ideology 從思想上關心學生

be heavily burdened with schoolwork 學校功課負擔太重

dropouts 輟學者

encourage the students to think their own thoughts 鼓勵學生獨立思考

errors common among students 學生常犯的錯誤

give heart to students 鼓勵學生

give individual attention to each student 給每個學生以個別關注

Good teachers impart wisdom to his students. 好老師賦予學生智慧。

It is the duty of a student to study hard. 努力學習是學生的本分。

self-supporting graduate student 自費研究生

try one’s best to have the students take the initiative in learning 盡力調動學生的學習積極性

(3)學科

a developing borderline science 一門正在發展的邊緣科學

an extensive subject 一門內容廣博的學科

complete undergraduate study 完成本科學業

inspire self-conscious debates over the worth of a business degree 引發有關工商學位價值的討論

Science and technology are productive forces. 科學技術是生產力。

this subject and its numerous ramifications 這門學科以及它的許多分支

(4)課程

a great number of students are enrolled in … 大量學生報名…

approaches to teaching science and math vary 科學課和數學課的教學方法有所不同

arrange the curriculum 安排課程

at the end of the course 結業時

Graduate study is more intensive and specialized. 研究生學習更精深、更專業。

have less courses, but in greater depth 課程少一些，但更深入

non-required subjects 選修課

(5)招生

a form of application for enrollment 大學申請表

enroll in a college without being strongly motivated 不迫切希望報名就讀某大學

enter for an examination 報名參加考試

Entrance requirements differ greatly. 入學條件很不一樣。

increase enrollment 擴招

(6)學歷及文憑

acknowledge a diploma of graduation 公證一份學位證書

be granted an official certificate from … 被授予由…頒發的正式證書

confer diplomas on members of the graduating class 向畢業生頒發學位證

education with record of formal schooling 學歷教育

obtain a license or a certificate for one’s job or career 獲得從事自己工作或職業的執照或證書

pursue graduate study 讀研究生

try to obtain the undergraduate diploma through self-taught study 試圖通過自學獲得本科文憑

(7)體制和管理

adopt an academic credit system 采取學分制

be a student of fine qualities and fine scholar 品學兼優

broad mental development 全面的智能發展

develop an interest in learning 培養學習興趣

drop out of school 退學

further education 深造

implementing the new standards 實施新的標準

investigate all sides of a question and all possible solutions to a problem 調查研究問題的各個方面及各種可能的解決方法

learn admission status 了解錄取情況

letter of recommendation 推薦信

meet the standards 符合標準

possess both political integrity and professional ability 德才兼備

shake their confidence 動搖他們的信心

4 學習

(1)目標與動機

achieve the goal one has set for oneself 達到為自己確立的目標

be completely absorbed in study 把精力完全貫注在學習上

derive pleasure from one’s studies 從學習中獲得樂趣

distract one’s mind from one’s study 分散某人學習的注意力

learn through one’s valuable experience 從自己寶貴的經驗中學習

neglect one’s studies 忽視自己的學習

place the study ahead of anything else 把學習放在第一位

stimulate oneself to study 發奮學習

study harder under the stimulus of praise 在表揚的激勵下更加努力學習

study assiduously and perseveringly 持之以恒地刻苦學習

(2)方法和習慣

gain new insights through restudying old material 溫故而知新

lay the basis for further study 為進一步深造奠定基礎

store/stock one’s mind with knowledge 用知識充實頭腦

Unless you study hard you will not pass the exam. 除非你用功，否則不會及格

(3)考試

a certificate examination 證書考試

be quite confident of passing the examination 堅信自己能通過考試

conduct an examination 舉行考試

gain distinction in the examination 考試成績優秀

take part in the entrance exams for graduate school 考研

We should study hard at ordinary times to avoid making a frantic last-minute effort. 我們應該平時多燒香，免得考試時臨時抱佛腳。

(4)考試，試卷

hand in an examination 交卷

machine scoring 機器閱卷

take a written examination 參加筆試

(5)成績

become complacent over any success 一有成績就自滿起來

carry forward one’s achievements 發揚成績

come off with honors 以優異成績通過

measure sb.’s success 衡量某人的成績

(6)畢業

attent the graduation ceremony 參加畢業典禮

be assigned to work in the remote region after graduation 畢業后分配到邊遠地區

be recommended to the postgraduate school after completing one’s regular college course 本科畢業后直升研究生

begin to work soon after graduating 畢業后不久開始工作

Entrance into college means employment security. 進入大學意味著工作有了保障。

fill all requirements for graduation 具備畢業的一切條件

gain graduate certificate/receive a diploma 獲得學位證書

have independent mind 會獨立思考

make full use of talents 使人盡其才

The job hunt faces this year’s graduates. 本屆畢業生面臨就業問題。

university student’s innovative undertaking 大學生創業

young people on the threshold of life 剛剛進入社會的年輕人

5 就業

accept the editorship of a magazine 接受一家雜志的編輯工作

acquire a key position in an eminent company 在一著名公司身居要職

be assigned to the position of … 被分配…的工作

be rapt in one’s new job 把精力貫注在新工作上

engage upon a new position 從事新職業

permanent occupation 固定職業

secure a more lucrative employment 獲得一份賺錢更多的職業

seek a steady and well-paid job 找到既穩定有待遇優厚的工作

allow employees to contribute and to feel powerful and important 讓員工盡責盡力并意識到自己的作用和重要性

workaholic 工作狂

be adequate for the job 能夠勝任工作

be devoid of professional sense 缺乏職業觀念

be very conscientious in one’s work 對工作負責

Hard and honest work is the surest way to establishment. 努力而誠實的工作是最可靠的成功之道。

keep pounding away at one’s work 持續努力工作

measure up to one’s job in every way 各方面都能勝任工作

put one’s whole soul into one’s work 全神貫注工作

dedicate the great portion of one’s life to … 把一生的大部分時間致力于…

take pay cuts 接受降薪

an army of the unemployed 失業大軍

since depression began 自從經濟蕭條開始以來

unemployment insurance/payments 失業保險/救助金

be fired 被解雇

be the right person 是合適的人選

go for the job interview 參加求職面試

go job hunting in the web 上網求職

rely on one’s own skills and capabilities for one’s success 依賴自己的技能和能力獲得成功

think sb.’s is qualified for the job 認為某人有資格勝任這份工作

be optimistic and cooperative 樂觀向上，善于與人協作

get second starts in careers that have greater appeal to … 重新開始一份對…有更大吸引力的工作

四 家庭類

1 老年人

guarantee for old age security 給老年人提供保障

live on pension 靠養老金生活

build up homes for the aged 建造老人院

As one gets older, he is more liable to have health problems. 年紀大了容易添病。

Movement becomes difficult with age. 隨著年事的增高行動變得困難。

The vigor of a person’s body lessens as he grows old. 人到老年體力就變弱了。

be calculated to prolong one’s life 延年益壽

think young and stay young 精神年輕就能保持年輕

three important things for a long old life: fresh air, fresh food, simple life 長壽的三要素：新鮮空氣、新鮮食物、簡單生活

Medical expenses remain a serious problem for the aged. 醫療開支對于老年人是很大的困難。

be lonely and starving for companionship 因孤獨而渴望有人作伴

keep active, alert and open-minded 保持積極向上、機敏和開朗

The worst problems of the old age are health, loneliness and personal sagety. 老年人最可怕的問題是健康、孤獨和個人安全。

have a close relationship with their children 與子女保持密切關系

The old and the young do not always understand each other. 老年人與年輕人往往不能互相理解。

China is a nation that is proud of the virtue of filial piety. 中國是一個以孝道為自豪的民族。

Filial piety is defined as “a son’s or daughter’s obedience to and respect for parents”. 孝順指的是兒女對父母的順從和尊敬。

have the duty to support and assist one’s parents 有贍養扶助父母的義務

We should be considerate of the comfort of old people. 我們應該為老年人的舒適著想。

(2)婦女

Changes have taken place in the roles of women in society. 婦女在社會中的作用發生了變化。

abolish all inequalities 消除各個方面的不平等

adhere to the principle of equality 堅持平等的原則

compete with men in the professions on equal terms 在職業生涯上在同等條件下與男人競爭

eliminate sexual discrimination 消除性別歧視

enter the labor force 參加到勞動力大軍中來

liberate women from the kitchen 把婦女從廚房中解放出來

(3)養育子女

arrange for one’s children’s education 安排子女的教育事宜

give their children a first-rate education 使得孩子受到第一流的教育

have no control over the children at all 一點也管不住自己的孩子

make children fit to live in a society 使孩子們適合在社會中生存

Parents should be responsible for their child’s behavior. 父母應對子女的行為負責。

A judicious parent encourages his children to decide many things for themselves. 明智的父母會讓孩子在許多事情上自己做決定。

All their affection is centered on their children. 他們的全部愛都集中在孩子身上。

be too permissive with their children 對孩子有求必應

be addicted to net games 迷戀網絡游戲

be easily affected 易受影響

be self-centered 以自我為中心

develop strong dislike for studying 對讀書產生強烈的反感情緒

have premature love affairs 早戀

never attain any independence and initiative 沒有養成獨立性和自覺性

play truant 逃學

suffer from nervousness, anxiety, depression and so on 感到緊張、不安、壓抑等

have heart-to-heart chats with them 與他們傾心交談

help sb. out of his honeliness 幫助某人擺脫孤獨

open the hot line 開通熱線

set a good example to his children 為孩子樹立好榜樣

五 文化類

bring culture to people 向人們傳播文化

culture industry 產業文化

screen cultrue 影視文化

classical art 古典藝術

costume art 服裝藝術

programs for prime time 黃金時段節目

chrity performance 義演

appear in public 出現在公眾面前

be well received/receive a warm welcome/be most welcome 受歡迎

big shot/top notch 大腕

enjoy privileges 享受特權

invite movie stars, sports stars or celebrities in entertainment or literature circles to shoot TV advertisements 請電影明星、體育明星、文藝界名人拍電視廣告

seek celebrity charm 追求明星效應

successfully play to the gallery 成功地迎合低級趣味，討好觀眾

be careful about which program one wants to watch and which program one doesn’t 謹慎決定自己要看什么節目，不看什么節目

be both instructive and entertaining 既有教益又有娛樂性

play a posive/negative role in the life 在生活中起積極/消極作用

depend on what a person’s life-style is 取決于個人生活方式

occupy one’s spare time 占據業余時間

seldom think of the effect the program/show will have on sb. 很少考慮節目對某人的影響

Television itself is neither good nor bad. 電視本身無所謂好或壞。

watch rubbishy commercials 看低劣的電視廣告

escape from the boredom of daily life 逃離乏味的日常生活

culture shock 文化沖擊

experience a different culture 體驗不同的文化

get into touch with other cultures 接觸其他文化

immerse oneself in different cultures 深入了解不同的文化

know how people live in defferent parts of the world 了解世界其他地方人們如何生活

truly expand one’s mind 真正開闊眼界

widen/broaden/expand one’s mind 使心胸開闊

cultivate one’s tastes and relax 陶冶情操并休閑放松

far away from modern civilization 遠離現代文明

It is not the fashion to do … 現在不時興…

be too busy to find time to pursue a hobby 忙得無暇從事業余愛好活動

take hobbies to develop new interests 從事業余愛好活動以發展新的興趣

六 醫藥、健康類

cultivate/develop healthy habits in daily life 在日常生活中培養健康的習慣

form good living habits and reform the bad ones 養成良好的生活習慣并摒棄壞的習慣

live a healthy and productive life 生活健康向上

Ads are not a good source of health care advice. 對廣告做得保健宣傳不能太相信。

have to adapt to environment declines 不得不適應惡化的環境

improve the health of the people 提高人民健康水平

七 自然與環境

accept the need for conservation of natural resources 認識到保護自然資源的必要

accept the need for conservation of wildlife resources 認識到保護野生動物的必要

be graceful for the benefits which nature has so 感謝大自然對我們的慷慨恩賜

follow the inexorable law of nature 遵循大自然的必然規律

the problems of the world water resources 世界水資源問題

limitable/limited resources 有限的資源

make full use of our nature conditions 最大限度地利用我們的自然條件

put particular emphasis on the preservation of natural resources 重視保護自然資源

the effect of physical environment upon man’s life 自然環境對人類生活的影響

utilize all available resources/put all available resources to use 利用一切可能的資源

bring unnecessary destruction to natural resources 對自然資源造成不必要的破壞

violate the rules of nature 違反自然規律

A great tidal wave swept the coast. 強大的海嘯席卷沿海地區。

be plagued with soil erosion 遭受水土流失的困擾

global warming 全球變暖

have a severe shock of earthquake 經受一次大地震

suffer a calamity 遭受災害

make preparations against natural disaster 為預防自然災害做準備

establish a stable balance of nature 建立自然的穩定平衡

recover from the effects of natural disasters 從自然災害的影響中恢復過來

Any change will affect our life and our environment. 任何變化都會影響我們的生活和環境。

Means of modern transportation consume too much energy. 現代交通工具消耗過多能源。

An ecosystem must remain stable. 生態系統必須保持穩定。

ecological construction 生態建設

environmental greening 環境綠化

八 社會問題類

A major purpose of advertising is to construct a positive image about a company’s name and products. 廣告宣傳的一個主要目的之一是公司的聲明和產品打造良好形象。

Advertising has become an indispensable means of selling goods. 廣告宣傳已成為產品銷售的一個不可或缺的手段。

cheeky television ads 厚顏無恥的電視廣告

exaggerated ads 夸大其詞的廣告

False ads jeopardize consumer rights. 虛假廣告侵犯消費者的權利。

comply with the consumer protection law 遵守消費者保護法

violate the consumer rights 侵犯消費者的權利

avoid being a victim of fraud 避免成為欺詐受害者

be held accountable for the violation of law 被追究違法責任

piracy thriving in the virtual world 虛擬世界猖獗的盜版行為

take drastic actions against pirated goods 盜版商品的價值

九 體育類

Ball games are widespread. 球類運動很流行。

be in top condition at all times 隨時保持最佳競技狀態

be keen on surfing 喜歡沖浪運動

be vigorous rather than skilful 與其說是身手不凡不如說是強壯有力

an upsurge in sports activities 體育運動熱潮

develop mass sports activities 開展群眾性體育運動

encourage athletics 鼓勵開展體育運動

Exercise is the necessary to strengthen the body. 運動對于強身健體是必要的。

Exercise is the best preservative of health. 運動是最好的保健品。

Exercise makes one strong. 生命在于運動。

practice wholesome exercise 從事有益健康運動

Relaxation exercises can free your body of tension. 放松運動可松緩身體的緊張。

Sports may be a safety valve for people’s violent feelings. 運動是可以使人的強烈感情得以發泄的穩妥方式。

take regular exercise in the open 經常參加戶外運動

an unique heritage 獨特的遺產

carry forward the spirit of Olympics 發揚奧運精神

build up a good physique to defend the country 鍛煉身體，保衛祖國

Do not become cocky/be dizzy with success, nor downcast over/discouraged by defeat. 勝不驕，敗不餒。

high-morale and strong will; high-spirited and firmly-determinded 昂揚的斗志和頑強的毅力

in the true spirit of the sportmanship 以真正的體育道德精神

spiritual pillar 精神支柱