SectionⅠ Use of English

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

　　Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.  1  agreed upon among linguists, this  2  covers four important aspects: system, arbitrary, symbol and vocal. It is a system,  3  linguistic elements are arranged systematically,  4   chaotically. Its being a system ensures a common  5  on which the users can  6  it and understand it. Arbitrary, in the  7  that there is usually without  8  connection between a word (dog, for instance) and the thing referred to by the word “dog”. A  9  from Shakespeare would make a good example: “a rose by any other name would smell as sweet?！?That is why there are  10  languages in the world, with so many different sounds and writings, all of which  11  more or less the same meanings. It is symbolic, because words (writings/pictogram) are associated  12  objects, concepts, actions, by nothing more than  13 . In other words, language users  14  the sounds or vocal forms to symbolize  15  they wish to convey. It is vocal, because sound or speech is the primary  16  for all human languages.  17  systems developed much later than the spoken forms. This recognition can be proved by the fact  18  every normal human can  19  in a certain language but not  20  is able to write。

　　1. [A] Presumably [B] Broadly [C] Incidentally [D] Cheerfully

　　2. [A] interference [B] access [C] impact [D] definition

　　3. [A] since [B] if [C] unless [D] while

　　4. [A] other than [B] now that [C] rather than [D] except that

　　5. [A] freedom [B] origin [C] ground [D] reform

　　6. [A] grasp [B] urge [C] oblige　[D] assess

　　7. [A] cost　[B] sense　[C] sight　[D] risk

　　8.　[A] paradoxical　[B] continuous　[C] incompatible　[D] intrinsic

　　9.　[A] maintenance　[B] quotation　[C] existence　[D] survival

　　10.　[A] complex　[B] racial　[C] numerous　[D] prominent

　　11.  [A] bind　[B] carry　[C] restrain　[D] sustain

　　12.  [A] to　[B] from　[C] by　[D] with

　　13.  [A] convention　[B] conviction　[C]conservation　[D] consensus

　　14.  [A] substitute　[B] wreck　[C] employ　[D] propel

　　15.  [A] when　[B] that　[C] which　[D] what

　　16.  [A] version　[B] weapon　[C] contest　[D] medium

　　17.　[A] Recording　[B] Decoding　[C] Writing　[D] Quoting

　　18.　[A] that　[B] whereas　[C] which　[D] once

　　19.  [A] speak　[B] talk　[C] say　[D] put

　　20.  [A] necessarily　[B] generally　[C] hardly　[D] confusedly

　　參考答案

　　SectionⅠ Use of English(10 points)

　　1. B　2. D　3. A　4. C　5. C　6. A 7. B　8. D　9. B　10. C　11. B　12. D　13. A　14. C　15. D　16. D　17. C　18. A　19. B　20. A

　　全文翻譯

　　語言是人類用來交際的任意性的語音符號的體系。這是語言學家們普遍認同的定義。它包含四個重要概念：系統性，任意性，符號性以及語音性。語言是一個體系，因為語言成分是有條理地而不是凌亂地拼湊在一起。因為語言有體系，使用者就有共同處，便于掌握和理解。說語言是任意性的，意思是，某個詞(如“狗”)與它所指的物體之間通常沒有本質的內在的固有的聯系。援引莎氏的一句名言很能說明，“一朵玫瑰不管它叫什么名字，聞起來都是一樣香。”所以，世界上有如此眾多不同的語音和書面文圖，其含義都略同或相同。說語言是符號，因為詞語跟客觀世界的物體，行動，想法等的聯系是約定俗成的。換言之，人們用一定的音和語言形式去象征地表達和交流事物。語言是有聲的，是因為語音或口頭對于全人類的語言都是第一性的，文字是第二性的。這種觀點可從下列事實得到證明：所有正常人都能講一種語言，但并不一定能寫它。