友情提示:本站提供全國400多所高等院校招收碩士、博士研究生入學考試歷年考研真題、考博真題、答案,部分學校更新至2012年,2013年;均提供收費下載。 下載流程: 考研真題 點擊“考研試卷””下載; 考博真題 點擊“考博試卷庫” 下載
2009年考研英語完形填空真題解析
Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. 1 the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer’s piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer, that there is an 4 in not being too terrifically bright。
Intelligence, it 5 , is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learning—a 7 process—instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they’ve apparently learned is when to 8 。
Is there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? That’s the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance 10 at all the species we’ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be. This is 12 the mind of every animal I’ve ever met。
Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14 , is running a smallscale study in operant conditioning. We believe that 15 animals ran the labs, they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17 , not merely how much of it there is. 18 , they would hope to study a 19 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20 the results are inconclusive。
1. [A] Suppose[B] Consider[C] Observe[D] Imagine
2. [A] tended[B] feared[C] happened[D] threatened
3. [A] thinner[B] stabler[C] lighter[D] dimmer
4. [A] tendency[B] advantage[C] inclination[D] priority
5. [A] insists on[B] sums up[C] turns out[D] puts forward
6. [A] off [B] behind[C] over[D] along
7. [A] incredible[B] spontaneous[C]inevitable[D] gradual
8. [A] fight[B] doubt[C] stop[D] think
9. [A] invisible[B] limited[C] indefinite[D] different
10. [A] upward[B] forward[C] afterward[D] backward
11. [A] features[B] influences[C] results[D] costs
12. [A] outside[B] on[C] by[D] across
13. [A] deliver[B] carry[C] perform[D] apply
14. [A] by chance[B] in contrast[C] as usual[D] for instance
15. [A] if[B] unless[C] as[D] lest
16. [A] moderate[B] overcome[C] determine[D] reach
17. [A] at[B] for[C] after[D] with
18. [A] Above all[B] After all[C] However[D] Otherwise
19. [A] fundamental[B] comprehensive[C] equivalent[D] hostile
20. [A] By accident[B] In time[C] So far[D] Better still
文章背景
本文是一篇講述動物智能、偏重科技的文章。此文章最先刊登在2008年5月7日的《紐約時報》上,原文的標題是 The Cost of Smarts,翻譯過來是“聰明的代價”。文中通過對“果蠅”的試驗研究得出“聰明是要付出代價”的結論,最后提出引人深思的問題——人類是否真正意識到自己所生存的世界。
文章結構
本文采用了對比的方式展開文章,敘述了人類智慧發展的代價。第一二三段圍繞人類對動物智能的研究對動物以及人類自己造成的影響。文章的最后一段作者展開豐富的聯想,如果動物對人類做實驗的話,它們想從人類身上獲取什么信息呢?
答案詳解
1.【解析】[B] 語義銜接/詞匯辨析題。本題目選擇動詞,放在祈使句句首。選項A. suppose認為,假定;B. consider考慮;C. observe 觀察;D. imagine 想象。文章開篇指出:Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are?!皩游镏腔鄣难芯靠偸亲屛覍θ祟惖降子卸嗦斆鞲械胶闷妗保又e了果蠅的例子,該句要選擇的動詞應與上句在語義上銜接。用consider意為“讓讀者考慮一下(果蠅實驗)”,從而引出下文,其他選項均不符合題意。
2.【解析】[A] 語義銜接/固定搭配題。本題目選擇動詞(過去式),與介詞“to”構成動詞短語,在句子中充當謂語。選項A. tended to易于,往往會……;B. feared to 害怕做某事;C. happened to 碰巧做某事;D. threatened to 威脅要做某事。Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit flyto live shorter lives. 原文講述的是在實驗中經常發生的一種情況,即“通過訓練變得更聰明的果蠅,其壽命往往比普通果蠅短”。故選A。
3.【解析】[D] 語義銜接/詞匯辨析題。本題目選擇形容詞比較級,在句中作定語修飾bulbs。This suggests thatbulbs burn longer, …“這讓人想起……的燈泡照明時間比較長……。”上句講到“聰明的果蠅壽命往往較短”,這句接著用燈泡作類比,承接上句語義,應該是越不亮的燈泡用的時間越長,所以選D. dimmer 較暗的;選項C. lighter更亮的,與前文意思相悖; A. thinner 更薄的,更瘦的;B. stable 更穩定的;該兩項均不符合題意。
4.【解析】[B] 詞匯辨析/固定搭配題。本題目選擇名詞,并與in搭配。選項A. tendency 趨勢,傾向,后面常接介詞for或動詞不定式,如:a tendency for sth?;騛 tendency to do sth。(做)某事的傾向;B. advantage 優勢,后常接介詞in,即an advantage in sth. 在某方面具有優勢;C. inclination傾向,意愿,傾斜度,后常接介詞for或動詞不定式,即an inclination for sth。或an inclination to do sth。想做某事;D. priority 優先權,后常接over,如:take priority over sth./sb. (比某事/某人)具有優先權。且從上下文語義來看,前面說聰明的果蠅壽命短,越不亮的燈泡用的時間越長,所以這里語義應為“不太聰明(燈泡不太亮)是有優勢的”,故B為正確選項。注意,bright在此處是一語雙關,既可表示“燈泡不那么亮”,也可表示“人不那么聰明”。
5.【解析】[C] 語義銜接/詞匯辨析題。本題目要選擇動詞短語,使插入語完整。從上文可知,“聰明的果蠅壽命往往較短”,以及“不太聰明是有優勢的”,由此推出的結果是:聰明也是要付出代價的。C. turn out意為“結果是……”,把it turns out用作插入語,使該句與上段內容緊緊聯系起來,因此選C。A. insist on堅持;B. sum up總計,總結;D. put forward提出。這三項均不符合題意。
免責聲明:本文系轉載自網絡,如有侵犯,請聯系我們立即刪除,另:本文僅代表作者個人觀點,與本網站無關。其原創性以及文中陳述文字和內容未經本站證實,對本文以及其中全部或者部分內容、文字的真實性、完整性、及時性本站不作任何保證或承諾,請讀者僅作參考,并請自行核實相關內容。